š Key Concepts
Ionic bond: electron transfer (electrovalent)Covalent bond: electron sharingCoordinate bond: shared pair from one atomVSEPR Theory: electron pair repulsionHybridization: orbital mixingMolecular Orbital Theory: bonding/antibondingā
šÆ Key Formulas
Bond order = (Nb - Na)/2Hybridization = (V + M - C + A)/2V: valence eā»M: monovalent atomsC: chargeA: attached atomsā
ā ļø Common Mistakes to Avoid
Wrong hybridization predictionIncorrect VSEPR geometryMixing ionic/covalent characteristicsWrong bond angle predictionsIncorrect resonance structuresā
š Knowledge Prerequisites
Electronic configurationPeriodic propertiesBasic quantum mechanics3D visualization skillsā
š” Tips for Students
Practice drawing Lewis structuresUnderstand hybridization patternsLearn VSEPR systematicallyConnect structure to propertiesFocus on exception casesā
š Practice Recommedations
Draw Lewis structuresPredict molecular geometryDetermine hybridizationCalculate bond orderCompare bond propertiesā
Practice each question with a timer and get instant feedback
.svg){kind=small}