Group of archaebacteria
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Archaebacteria classification
Study archaebacterial types
Compare characteristics
Identify correct group
Confusing bacterial groups
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Consider habitat conditions
Archaebacteria classification
Study archaebacterial types
Compare characteristics
Identify correct group
Confusing bacterial groups
Plant tissue culture requires
π₯³ Wohoo! Correct answer
Tissue culture media composition
Study tissue culture requirements
Analyze mineral roles
Identify iron's importance
Confusing mineral functions
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Consider nutrient functions
Tissue culture media composition
Study tissue culture requirements
Analyze mineral roles
Identify iron's importance
Confusing mineral functions
Discovery by Alexander Fleming
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Antibiotic discovery timeline
Study medical discoveries
Analyze Fleming's work
Identify penicillin discovery
Confusing scientific discoveries
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Consider historical context
Antibiotic discovery timeline
Study medical discoveries
Analyze Fleming's work
Identify penicillin discovery
Confusing scientific discoveries
Statement about malaria
π₯³ Wohoo! Correct answer
Malaria: SporozoiteβMerozoiteβSymptoms
Study malaria pathogenesis
Analyze disease symptoms
Identify fever cause
Confusing malaria stages
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Consider parasite cycle
Malaria: SporozoiteβMerozoiteβSymptoms
Study malaria pathogenesis
Analyze disease symptoms
Identify fever cause
Confusing malaria stages
Additional cell wall layer in bacteria
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Bacterial cell layers diagram
Study bacterial cell structure
Compare cell wall components
Identify external protective layer
Confusing cell wall layers
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Consider layer function
Bacterial cell layers diagram
Study bacterial cell structure
Compare cell wall components
Identify external protective layer
Confusing cell wall layers
About malaria
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Malaria cycle: MosquitoβLiverβRBCs
Study malaria life cycle stages
Analyze Plasmodium species characteristics
Identify P. falciparum as malignant malaria cause
Confusing Plasmodium species
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Focus on parasite species
Malaria cycle: MosquitoβLiverβRBCs
Study malaria life cycle stages
Analyze Plasmodium species characteristics
Identify P. falciparum as malignant malaria cause
Confusing Plasmodium species
Purpose of restriction endonuclease in rDNA technology
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RE cut sites: 5'...β...3', 3'...β...5'
Understand restriction enzyme function
Analyze DNA manipulation steps
Identify site destruction role
Confusing enzyme functions
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Consider DNA cutting specificity
RE cut sites: 5'...β...3', 3'...β...5'
Understand restriction enzyme function
Analyze DNA manipulation steps
Identify site destruction role
Confusing enzyme functions
The nature of gases released in anaerobic sludge digesters is
π₯³ Wohoo! Correct answer
Anaerobic digestion: Organic matterβCH4+H2S+CO2
Understand anaerobic digestion process
Analyze gas production pathway
Identify correct gas combination
Confusing aerobic/anaerobic products
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Consider anaerobic conditions
Anaerobic digestion: Organic matterβCH4+H2S+CO2
Understand anaerobic digestion process
Analyze gas production pathway
Identify correct gas combination
Confusing aerobic/anaerobic products
Natural killer lymphocytes are an example for
π₯³ Wohoo! Correct answer
Immune barriers: Physical, Chemical, Cellular, Physiological
Understand types of immune barriers
Analyze NK cell function in immunity
Identify NK cells as part of cellular immune response
Mixing up different types of immune barriers
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Focus on type of immune defense
Immune barriers: Physical, Chemical, Cellular, Physiological
Understand types of immune barriers
Analyze NK cell function in immunity
Identify NK cells as part of cellular immune response
Mixing up different types of immune barriers
Natural barriers of defense include
π₯³ Wohoo! Correct answer
Defense barriers classification
Understand types of immune defense
Differentiate between barrier types
Identify physical barriers as natural defense
Mixing barrier categories
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Consider barrier location
Defense barriers classification
Understand types of immune defense
Differentiate between barrier types
Identify physical barriers as natural defense
Mixing barrier categories
A person admitted to hospital as he had myocardial infarction. A cardiologist injecting him 'streptokinase', why?
π₯³ Wohoo! Correct answer
No formulas involved
Understand heart attack causes
Analyze streptokinase function
Identify therapeutic action
Confusion about heart attack treatment
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Think about blood clot dissolution
No formulas involved
Understand heart attack causes
Analyze streptokinase function
Identify therapeutic action
Confusion about heart attack treatment
Which vector can clone a small fragment of DNA?
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Vector ranges: Plasmids(1-10kb), Cosmids(37-52kb), BACs(β€300kb), YACs(β€2000kb)
Evaluate DNA fragment size requirements - small fragments are typically <10kb
Compare vector capacities: BACs (300kb), YACs (2000kb), Plasmids (1-10kb), Cosmids (37-52kb)
Identify that plasmids are ideal for small fragments due to efficient transformation and easy manipulation
Confusing vector types based on names rather than size capacity
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Match vector size to fragment size
Vector ranges: Plasmids(1-10kb), Cosmids(37-52kb), BACs(β€300kb), YACs(β€2000kb)
Evaluate DNA fragment size requirements - small fragments are typically <10kb
Compare vector capacities: BACs (300kb), YACs (2000kb), Plasmids (1-10kb), Cosmids (37-52kb)
Identify that plasmids are ideal for small fragments due to efficient transformation and easy manipulation
Confusing vector types based on names rather than size capacity
Identify the incorrect statement from the following
π₯³ Wohoo! Correct answer
No formulas involved
Understand immune system components
Analyze each statement
Identify misconception
Confusion about immune responses
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Think about interferon function
No formulas involved
Understand immune system components
Analyze each statement
Identify misconception
Confusion about immune responses
Plants obtained through tissue culture are genetically identical and they are obtained by somatic cells. What do you call them?
π₯³ Wohoo! Correct answer
No formulas involved
Understand tissue culture
Identify clonal propagation
Recognize terminology
Confusion about cloning terms
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Think about somatic origin
No formulas involved
Understand tissue culture
Identify clonal propagation
Recognize terminology
Confusion about cloning terms
The primary treatment of sewage water involves
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No formulas involved
Understand sewage treatment steps
Identify primary treatment process
Recognize physical separation
Mixing treatment stages
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Think about basic purification
No formulas involved
Understand sewage treatment steps
Identify primary treatment process
Recognize physical separation
Mixing treatment stages
Some of the events occur during life cycle of plasmodium are given below. Identify the correct statement
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No formulas involved
Understand Plasmodium life cycle stages
Track development in different hosts
Identify correct sequence of events
Confusion in parasite life cycle stages
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Focus on RBC stage development
No formulas involved
Understand Plasmodium life cycle stages
Track development in different hosts
Identify correct sequence of events
Confusion in parasite life cycle stages
A doctor identies symptoms of nasal congestion, headache, sore throat, hoarseness, coughing a patient. The conclusion is that, the patient is infected by a pathogen
π₯³ Wohoo! Correct answer
No formulas involved
Analyze the given symptoms: nasal congestion, headache, sore throat, hoarseness, and coughing - these are typical upper respiratory tract infection symptoms
Compare symptoms with different pathogens: Adenovirus (respiratory+eye infections), Rhinovirus (common cold), Plasmodium (malaria), Salmonella (gastrointestinal)
Match symptoms to Rhinovirus which specifically causes upper respiratory tract infections and is the most common cause of the common cold
Students often confuse different viral infections and their specific symptoms; Some may think all viruses cause similar symptoms
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Focus on matching respiratory symptoms with respiratory pathogens
No formulas involved
Analyze the given symptoms: nasal congestion, headache, sore throat, hoarseness, and coughing - these are typical upper respiratory tract infection symptoms
Compare symptoms with different pathogens: Adenovirus (respiratory+eye infections), Rhinovirus (common cold), Plasmodium (malaria), Salmonella (gastrointestinal)
Match symptoms to Rhinovirus which specifically causes upper respiratory tract infections and is the most common cause of the common cold
Students often confuse different viral infections and their specific symptoms; Some may think all viruses cause similar symptoms
Digestion of proteins is incomplete in the absence of enterokinase, because
π₯³ Wohoo! Correct answer
No formulas involved
Understand enzyme activation cascade
Analyze role of enterokinase
Identify key activation step
Confusion about enzyme activation
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Think about enzyme precursors
No formulas involved
Understand enzyme activation cascade
Analyze role of enterokinase
Identify key activation step
Confusion about enzyme activation
Desired genes have been introduced into transgenic animals to obtain large scale production of useful biological products encoded by these genes. This approach is generally referred to as
π₯³ Wohoo! Correct answer
No formulas involved
Understand transgenic techniques
Analyze biotechnology applications
Identify mass production method
Mixing biotechnology applications
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Think about protein production in animals
No formulas involved
Understand transgenic techniques
Analyze biotechnology applications
Identify mass production method
Mixing biotechnology applications
Most suitable method of introducing alien DNA into a plant cell is
π₯³ Wohoo! Correct answer
No formulas involved
Compare different DNA transformation methods
Analyze plant cell wall constraints
Identify most effective method
Confusion between transformation methods
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Remember plant cell wall barrier
No formulas involved
Compare different DNA transformation methods
Analyze plant cell wall constraints
Identify most effective method
Confusion between transformation methods
The puffed-up appearance of dough is due to fermentation by bacteria. Identify the gas liberated during the process
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CβHββOβ β 2COβ + 2CβHβ OH
Understand fermentation process in dough
Identify yeast's role in fermentation
Recognize COβ as byproduct
Confusing different microbial gases
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Think about bread rising process
CβHββOβ β 2COβ + 2CβHβ OH
Understand fermentation process in dough
Identify yeast's role in fermentation
Recognize COβ as byproduct
Confusing different microbial gases
Identify a micro-organism that can produce biomass of protein
π₯³ Wohoo! Correct answer
No formulas involved
Understand single cell protein production
Compare different microorganisms' capabilities
Identify most efficient protein producer
Confusing different microbial products
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Think about bacterial protein synthesis
No formulas involved
Understand single cell protein production
Compare different microorganisms' capabilities
Identify most efficient protein producer
Confusing different microbial products
Elution means
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No formulas involved
Understand gel electrophoresis steps
Identify purpose of elution
Recognize extraction process
Confusing different DNA isolation steps
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Think about recovering DNA from gel
No formulas involved
Understand gel electrophoresis steps
Identify purpose of elution
Recognize extraction process
Confusing different DNA isolation steps
A person who has allergy, the type of antibody produced in his body is
π₯³ Wohoo! Correct answer
No formulas involved
Define different immunoglobulin types
Analyze role of IgE in allergic responses
Connect IgE to mast cell activation
Confusion between antibody types
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
IgE triggers histamine release
No formulas involved
Define different immunoglobulin types
Analyze role of IgE in allergic responses
Connect IgE to mast cell activation
Confusion between antibody types
Snow blindness is caused due to
π₯³ Wohoo! Correct answer
No formulas involved
Understand ozone layer function
Connect UV radiation to eye damage
Link ozone depletion to increased UV exposure
Mixing environmental issues and their effects
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Think about ozone's role in UV protection
No formulas involved
Understand ozone layer function
Connect UV radiation to eye damage
Link ozone depletion to increased UV exposure
Mixing environmental issues and their effects
The human protein Ξ±-1 antitrypsin is obtained from:
π₯³ Wohoo! Correct answer
Protein expression levels calculation
Identify source of Ξ±-1 antitrypsin
Understand transgenic production methods
Match protein to correct production system
Confusion about protein production systems
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Look for mammalian protein production systems
Protein expression levels calculation
Identify source of Ξ±-1 antitrypsin
Understand transgenic production methods
Match protein to correct production system
Confusion about protein production systems
A transformed bacteria with human genes, fails to produce desired protein. The reason could be:
π₯³ Wohoo! Correct answer
Gene structure comparison: Prokaryotes vs Eukaryotes
Understand differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic genes
Analyze post-transcriptional modifications
Recognize bacterial limitation in intron processing
Confusion about gene expression differences
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Look for key differences in gene processing
Gene structure comparison: Prokaryotes vs Eukaryotes
Understand differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic genes
Analyze post-transcriptional modifications
Recognize bacterial limitation in intron processing
Confusion about gene expression differences
Which one of the following has been commercialised as a blood-cholesterol lowering agent?
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Cholesterol synthesis pathway
Identify cholesterol-lowering medications
Understand mechanism of statins
Recognize commercial applications
Confusion between different therapeutic proteins
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Look for HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors
Cholesterol synthesis pathway
Identify cholesterol-lowering medications
Understand mechanism of statins
Recognize commercial applications
Confusion between different therapeutic proteins
Morphine is obtained from the:
π₯³ Wohoo! Correct answer
Chemical extraction: Latex β Morphine β Heroin (diacetylmorphine)
Identify source of morphine extraction
Understand that morphine comes from opium poppy (Papaver somniferum)
Recognize that latex contains alkaloids including morphine
Students confuse different plant sources of drugs
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Look for plant part containing opioids
Chemical extraction: Latex β Morphine β Heroin (diacetylmorphine)
Identify source of morphine extraction
Understand that morphine comes from opium poppy (Papaver somniferum)
Recognize that latex contains alkaloids including morphine
Students confuse different plant sources of drugs
Which of the following vector-borne diseases caused by Aedes mosquitoes?
π₯³ Wohoo! Correct answer
No formulas involved
Identify diseases transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes specifically
Understand that Aedes aegypti is the primary vector for dengue and chikungunya
Eliminate other options as they are transmitted by different vectors
Often confused with malaria which is transmitted by Anopheles mosquito
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Focus on matching specific vectors with their diseases
No formulas involved
Identify diseases transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes specifically
Understand that Aedes aegypti is the primary vector for dengue and chikungunya
Eliminate other options as they are transmitted by different vectors
Often confused with malaria which is transmitted by Anopheles mosquito
In humans, common cold is caused by
π₯³ Wohoo! Correct answer
Virus Classification Chart
Compare virus types
Analyze infection patterns
Identify causative agent
Confusing different viruses
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Consider respiratory infections
Virus Classification Chart
Compare virus types
Analyze infection patterns
Identify causative agent
Confusing different viruses
Which of the following options show the characters of mycoplasma?
π₯³ Wohoo! Correct answer
No formulas involved
Analyze key characteristics of mycoplasma: size, cell wall, oxygen requirement
Compare each option against known mycoplasma traits
Determine that mycoplasma lacks cell wall and is anaerobic
Assuming all bacteria have cell walls
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Focus on three key characteristics: size, wall, oxygen need
No formulas involved
Analyze key characteristics of mycoplasma: size, cell wall, oxygen requirement
Compare each option against known mycoplasma traits
Determine that mycoplasma lacks cell wall and is anaerobic
Assuming all bacteria have cell walls
Match items: Hepatitis B vaccine, Preformed antibodies, Colostrum, PMNL with their characteristics
π₯³ Wohoo! Correct answer
Immunity types
Study immune components
Match with functions
Verify relationships
Confusing immune components
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Consider immune roles
Immunity types
Study immune components
Match with functions
Verify relationships
Confusing immune components
Snow blindness is caused due to
π₯³ Wohoo! Correct answer
UV radiation effects
Study UV radiation effects
Link to ozone layer
Understand eye damage
Confusing environmental effects
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Consider radiation protection
UV radiation effects
Study UV radiation effects
Link to ozone layer
Understand eye damage
Confusing environmental effects
dsRNA is used to develop pest-resistant tobacco plant by a technique called
π₯³ Wohoo! Correct answer
RNAi pathway
Understand RNA silencing mechanism
Identify gene targeting method
Apply to pest resistance
Confusing with DNA techniques
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Consider double-stranded RNA role
RNAi pathway
Understand RNA silencing mechanism
Identify gene targeting method
Apply to pest resistance
Confusing with DNA techniques
Technique of bombarding plant cells with high-velocity microparticles of gold or tungsten coated with DNA is
π₯³ Wohoo! Correct answer
No formulas involved
Study transformation methods
Identify physical method
Match with description
Confusing delivery methods
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Think about DNA delivery
No formulas involved
Study transformation methods
Identify physical method
Match with description
Confusing delivery methods
Microorganisms involved in floc formation during sewage treatment are
π₯³ Wohoo! Correct answer
Aerobic decomposition
Study sewage treatment
Identify aerobic process
Match with organisms
Missing aerobic requirement
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Consider oxygen requirement
Aerobic decomposition
Study sewage treatment
Identify aerobic process
Match with organisms
Missing aerobic requirement
Match bacteria with commercial products: Lactobacillus, Aspergillus niger, Acetobacteraceae, Clostridium butyricum
π₯³ Wohoo! Correct answer
Fermentation equations
Identify bacterial products
Match with fermentation
Verify acid production
Confusing bacterial products
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Consider metabolic products
Fermentation equations
Identify bacterial products
Match with fermentation
Verify acid production
Confusing bacterial products
In malignant tumors, cells divide rapidly and move to distant parts causing new tumors. This property is called
π₯³ Wohoo! Correct answer
Cancer stages
Study cancer progression
Identify spread mechanism
Understand invasion process
Confusing with normal division
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Think about cancer spread
Cancer stages
Study cancer progression
Identify spread mechanism
Understand invasion process
Confusing with normal division
Indigestion of fats in humans may be an indication of
π₯³ Wohoo! Correct answer
Fat digestion = Bile + Lipase
Consider fat digestion pathway
Liver produces bile essential for fat digestion
Liver inflammation affects bile production
Not connecting liver function to fat digestion
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Think about role of liver in digestion
Fat digestion = Bile + Lipase
Consider fat digestion pathway
Liver produces bile essential for fat digestion
Liver inflammation affects bile production
Not connecting liver function to fat digestion
During replication of a retrovirus
π₯³ Wohoo! Correct answer
RNAβDNAβRNA
Understand retrovirus structure
Identify genetic material
Follow infection process
Confusing with DNA viruses
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Remember RNA virus nature
RNAβDNAβRNA
Understand retrovirus structure
Identify genetic material
Follow infection process
Confusing with DNA viruses
Identify odd one from: a-Interferon, Oncogenic virus, Proto-oncogenes, UV rays
π₯³ Wohoo! Correct answer
No formulas involved
Compare cancer-related factors
Identify cancer treatment
Distinguish from causes
Confusing treatment with cause
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Think about cancer therapy
No formulas involved
Compare cancer-related factors
Identify cancer treatment
Distinguish from causes
Confusing treatment with cause
Now-a-days agricultural practice is expensive to the farmers as they need to purchase hybrid seeds every year. Which of the following strategies can be employed to overcome this problem?
π₯³ Wohoo! Correct answer
Apomixis = Clonal seeds
Understand seed production methods
Apomixis produces seeds without fertilization
This maintains hybrid vigor in next generation
Not understanding seed production
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Think about maintaining hybrid traits
Apomixis = Clonal seeds
Understand seed production methods
Apomixis produces seeds without fertilization
This maintains hybrid vigor in next generation
Not understanding seed production
Digestion of both starch and proteins is carried out by enzymes of
π₯³ Wohoo! Correct answer
Amylase + protease reactions
Analyze digestive enzyme sources
Compare enzyme specificities
Identify comprehensive source
Thinking gastric juice digests all proteins completely
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Look for multi-enzyme source
Amylase + protease reactions
Analyze digestive enzyme sources
Compare enzyme specificities
Identify comprehensive source
Thinking gastric juice digests all proteins completely
Microbes like Spirulina can be good alternate to the conventional sources of proteins for human nutrition, because...
π₯³ Wohoo! Correct answer
Biomass production rate = Growth rate Γ Yield
Consider microbial growth characteristics
Spirulina has rapid reproduction rate
This leads to high biomass and protein yield
Not understanding microbial advantages
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Think about production efficiency
Biomass production rate = Growth rate Γ Yield
Consider microbial growth characteristics
Spirulina has rapid reproduction rate
This leads to high biomass and protein yield
Not understanding microbial advantages
A man was suffering from mental illness like depression and insomnia. Identify the drug which is normally used as medicine such cases
π₯³ Wohoo! Correct answer
No formulas involved
Understand different types of psychoactive drugs
LSD can affect neurotransmitter systems
LSD has been studied for therapeutic potential
Confusing therapeutic and recreational drug use
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Consider drugs' effects on nervous system
No formulas involved
Understand different types of psychoactive drugs
LSD can affect neurotransmitter systems
LSD has been studied for therapeutic potential
Confusing therapeutic and recreational drug use
A person shows symptoms like Sneezing, Water eyes, running nose and difficulty in breathing, on exposure to certain substances in air. Which type of antibody is produced during such condition?
π₯³ Wohoo! Correct answer
Allergen + IgE β Mast cell degranulation
Understand different types of hypersensitivity reactions
Type I hypersensitivity involves IgE antibodies
IgE triggers release of histamine causing allergic symptoms
Confusing different antibody functions
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Connect symptoms to specific immune response
Allergen + IgE β Mast cell degranulation
Understand different types of hypersensitivity reactions
Type I hypersensitivity involves IgE antibodies
IgE triggers release of histamine causing allergic symptoms
Confusing different antibody functions
Identify the incorrect statement
π₯³ Wohoo! Correct answer
HIV transmission: Blood, sexual contact, mother to child
Evaluate each statement against known facts
HIV is transmitted through specific body fluids
HIV cannot be transmitted by mosquito bites
Misconceptions about disease transmission
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Look for scientifically inaccurate information
HIV transmission: Blood, sexual contact, mother to child
Evaluate each statement against known facts
HIV is transmitted through specific body fluids
HIV cannot be transmitted by mosquito bites
Misconceptions about disease transmission
Identify the DNA sequence which can be cut using EcoRI
π₯³ Wohoo! Correct answer
EcoRI cut site: 5'-G^AATTC-3'
EcoRI recognizes specific palindromic sequence
The recognition sequence is 5'-GAATTC-3'
Check each option for this exact sequence
Not understanding palindromic sequences
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Look for the GAATTC sequence in both strands
EcoRI cut site: 5'-G^AATTC-3'
EcoRI recognizes specific palindromic sequence
The recognition sequence is 5'-GAATTC-3'
Check each option for this exact sequence
Not understanding palindromic sequences
In cloning vectors, antibiotic resistant genes are helpful for
π₯³ Wohoo! Correct answer
Selection = Growth on antibiotic medium
Understand the role of selective markers in cloning
Antibiotic resistance genes act as selective markers
They help identify successfully transformed cells
Confusing marker genes with other genetic elements
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Consider how to distinguish transformed from untransformed cells
Selection = Growth on antibiotic medium
Understand the role of selective markers in cloning
Antibiotic resistance genes act as selective markers
They help identify successfully transformed cells
Confusing marker genes with other genetic elements
A Farmer has applied chemical fertilizers in his crop field for many successive seasons. In the next season, the crop growth was poor as soil lost its fertility. Suggest the suitable microorganism that replenishes the fertility of soil in his field
π₯³ Wohoo! Correct answer
N2 + 8H+ + 8e- β 2NH3 + H2
Consider microorganisms that can fix atmospheric nitrogen
Nostoc is a cyanobacterium capable of nitrogen fixation
It helps restore soil fertility naturally
Not recognizing nitrogen-fixing capabilities
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Think about organisms that can convert N2 to biologically usable form
N2 + 8H+ + 8e- β 2NH3 + H2
Consider microorganisms that can fix atmospheric nitrogen
Nostoc is a cyanobacterium capable of nitrogen fixation
It helps restore soil fertility naturally
Not recognizing nitrogen-fixing capabilities
Identify the incorrect statement with reference of biocontrol agents
π₯³ Wohoo! Correct answer
Biocontrol = Natural enemies to control pests
Analyze each statement about biocontrol agents carefully
Biocontrol agents actually reduce synthetic pesticide use
Statement 1 contradicts the basic principle of biological control
Misunderstanding the purpose of biocontrol agents
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Look for the statement that opposes the fundamental purpose of biocontrol
Biocontrol = Natural enemies to control pests
Analyze each statement about biocontrol agents carefully
Biocontrol agents actually reduce synthetic pesticide use
Statement 1 contradicts the basic principle of biological control
Misunderstanding the purpose of biocontrol agents
Biolistics method is suitable for gene transfer into
π₯³ Wohoo! Correct answer
Biolistics: DNA-coated particles β High velocity β Cell penetration
Understand particle bombardment
Identify suitable target cells
Recognize cell wall penetration
Mixing transformation methods
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Focus on transformation methods
Biolistics: DNA-coated particles β High velocity β Cell penetration
Understand particle bombardment
Identify suitable target cells
Recognize cell wall penetration
Mixing transformation methods
Which of these is not an advantage in Genetically modified crops?
π₯³ Wohoo! Correct answer
No formulas involved
GM crops are engineered for various benefits
Post-harvest losses typically decrease with GM technology
Option C represents a disadvantage, not an advantage
Not distinguishing advantages from disadvantages
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Look for the negative outcome among positives
No formulas involved
GM crops are engineered for various benefits
Post-harvest losses typically decrease with GM technology
Option C represents a disadvantage, not an advantage
Not distinguishing advantages from disadvantages
Now-a-days, the early diagnosis of bacterial or viral infection in humans is possible using
π₯³ Wohoo! Correct answer
PCR diagnosis: Pathogen DNA β Amplification β Detection
Understand diagnostic methods
Identify nucleic acid detection
Recognize PCR sensitivity
Mixing diagnostic tools
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Focus on molecular detection
PCR diagnosis: Pathogen DNA β Amplification β Detection
Understand diagnostic methods
Identify nucleic acid detection
Recognize PCR sensitivity
Mixing diagnostic tools
Ruminant animals can digest cellulose in their food, where as human beings are unable to do so. This is because
π₯³ Wohoo! Correct answer
Cellulose digestion: Cellulose + Cellulase β Glucose
Understand cellulose digestion
Compare digestive systems
Identify role of gut microbes
Mixing digestive abilities
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Focus on symbiotic relationships
Cellulose digestion: Cellulose + Cellulase β Glucose
Understand cellulose digestion
Compare digestive systems
Identify role of gut microbes
Mixing digestive abilities
In sewage treatment secondary treatment is considered highly significant, because
π₯³ Wohoo! Correct answer
BOD reduction: Aerobic/anaerobic treatment β Clean water
Understand treatment stages
Identify biological treatment purpose
Recognize BOD reduction importance
Mixing treatment stages
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Focus on water quality parameters
BOD reduction: Aerobic/anaerobic treatment β Clean water
Understand treatment stages
Identify biological treatment purpose
Recognize BOD reduction importance
Mixing treatment stages
A chilly plant was severely infected with Chilly Mosaic Virus (CMV). Identify the technique that helps to raise virus free plants in the next generation from the above virus infected plant
π₯³ Wohoo! Correct answer
Meristem culture: Apical meristem β Virus-free plantlets
Understand virus distribution in plant
Identify virus-free regions
Recognize meristem culture benefits
Mixing culture techniques
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Focus on tissue culture methods
Meristem culture: Apical meristem β Virus-free plantlets
Understand virus distribution in plant
Identify virus-free regions
Recognize meristem culture benefits
Mixing culture techniques
Which of the following plants tissues cannot be used as explant in tissue culture?
π₯³ Wohoo! Correct answer
Tissue culture: Totipotent cells β New plants
Understand tissue properties
Compare regeneration potential
Identify non-totipotent tissue
Mixing tissue types
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Focus on cell characteristics
Tissue culture: Totipotent cells β New plants
Understand tissue properties
Compare regeneration potential
Identify non-totipotent tissue
Mixing tissue types
The hybridisation between naturally incompatible plants like potato and tomato can be achieved through
π₯³ Wohoo! Correct answer
Somatic hybridization: Protoplast isolation + Fusion + Regeneration
Understand barriers to natural hybridization
Identify methods to overcome incompatibility
Recognize protoplast fusion technique
Mixing breeding methods
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Focus on cellular fusion methods
Somatic hybridization: Protoplast isolation + Fusion + Regeneration
Understand barriers to natural hybridization
Identify methods to overcome incompatibility
Recognize protoplast fusion technique
Mixing breeding methods
Injection of an antidote against snakebite is an example of
π₯³ Wohoo! Correct answer
Immunity types: Active (self-made) vs Passive (received)
Understand immunity types
Identify readymade antibody transfer
Recognize immediate protection
Mixing immunity types
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Focus on antibody source
Immunity types: Active (self-made) vs Passive (received)
Understand immunity types
Identify readymade antibody transfer
Recognize immediate protection
Mixing immunity types
IN the life cycle plasmodium fertilisation takes place in
π₯³ Wohoo! Correct answer
Malaria cycle: Human hostβMosquito vector
Track Plasmodium lifecycle
Identify sexual stage location
Recognize fertilization site
Mixing lifecycle stages
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Follow parasite stages
Malaria cycle: Human hostβMosquito vector
Track Plasmodium lifecycle
Identify sexual stage location
Recognize fertilization site
Mixing lifecycle stages
Ξ±-1 antitrypsin is
π₯³ Wohoo! Correct answer
No formulas involved
Know protein function
Understand emphysema treatment
Verify medical application
Confusing protein functions
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Know protein therapy
No formulas involved
Know protein function
Understand emphysema treatment
Verify medical application
Confusing protein functions
Which diagnostic tool allows detection of very low concentration bacterium or viruses by amplifying nucleic acid?
π₯³ Wohoo! Correct answer
PCR amplification
Know diagnostic methods
Understand PCR amplification
Compare sensitivity levels
Confusing diagnostic methods
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Know molecular diagnosis
PCR amplification
Know diagnostic methods
Understand PCR amplification
Compare sensitivity levels
Confusing diagnostic methods
Which plant is a source of drug native to America?
π₯³ Wohoo! Correct answer
No formulas involved
Know drug plant origins
Identify American native plants
Verify coca plant origin
Confusing plant origins
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Know plant geography
No formulas involved
Know drug plant origins
Identify American native plants
Verify coca plant origin
Confusing plant origins
Rop-gene which codes for proteins involved in the replication of plasmid pBR322 in E.coli is located at restriction site of
π₯³ Wohoo! Correct answer
pBR322 map
Understand pBR322 plasmid structure
Know restriction enzyme sites
Identify Pvu II as Rop gene site
Confusing restriction sites
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Know plasmid markers
pBR322 map
Understand pBR322 plasmid structure
Know restriction enzyme sites
Identify Pvu II as Rop gene site
Confusing restriction sites
Match Column-I and Column-II about microbial products and their functions
π₯³ Wohoo! Correct answer
No formulas involved
Know microbial products
Match with correct functions
Verify final combinations
Mixing product functions
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Know biotechnology
No formulas involved
Know microbial products
Match with correct functions
Verify final combinations
Mixing product functions
Which product of microbes is not obtained from fungi?
π₯³ Wohoo! Correct answer
No formulas involved
Know microbial products
Identify bacterial vs fungal products
Verify cheese uses bacteria
Confusing microbial sources
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Know industrial microbes
No formulas involved
Know microbial products
Identify bacterial vs fungal products
Verify cheese uses bacteria
Confusing microbial sources
The technology of biogas production was developed in India due to efforts of
π₯³ Wohoo! Correct answer
No formulas involved
Know Indian research institutions
Understand biogas development
Verify contributing organizations
Limited institutional knowledge
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Know biotechnology history
No formulas involved
Know Indian research institutions
Understand biogas development
Verify contributing organizations
Limited institutional knowledge
Identify the techniques useful in detecting cancers of internal organs
π₯³ Wohoo! Correct answer
No formulas involved
Know diagnostic techniques
Understand each method's use
Verify all are valid techniques
Limiting to single method
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Know medical imaging
No formulas involved
Know diagnostic techniques
Understand each method's use
Verify all are valid techniques
Limiting to single method
Which is the most feared property of malignant tumors?
π₯³ Wohoo! Correct answer
No formulas involved
Know cancer properties
Understand metastasis spreads cancer
Compare with other properties
Confusing cancer features
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Know cancer basics
No formulas involved
Know cancer properties
Understand metastasis spreads cancer
Compare with other properties
Confusing cancer features
The development of quick immune response by administering preformed antibodies is
π₯³ Wohoo! Correct answer
No formulas involved
Understand immunity types
Know passive immunity involves ready antibodies
Differentiate from other immunity types
Confusing immunity types
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Know immune responses
No formulas involved
Understand immunity types
Know passive immunity involves ready antibodies
Differentiate from other immunity types
Confusing immunity types
Pneumonia is caused by
π₯³ Wohoo! Correct answer
No formulas involved
Know pneumonia causative agents
Understand multiple organisms can cause pneumonia
Verify both bacteria can cause the disease
Thinking single pathogen
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Know disease agents
No formulas involved
Know pneumonia causative agents
Understand multiple organisms can cause pneumonia
Verify both bacteria can cause the disease
Thinking single pathogen
A bacterial flagellum is composed of
π₯³ Wohoo! Correct answer
No formulas involved
Understand bacterial flagellum structure
Identify three main components: filament (long protein structure), hook (curved connector), basal body (anchor)
Verify correct structural sequence
Confusing flagella with other bacterial appendages
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Know bacterial locomotion structures
No formulas involved
Understand bacterial flagellum structure
Identify three main components: filament (long protein structure), hook (curved connector), basal body (anchor)
Verify correct structural sequence
Confusing flagella with other bacterial appendages
The concept of "Contagium vivum fluidum" was given by
π₯³ Wohoo! Correct answer
No formulas involved
Understand historical discovery of viruses
Beijerinek coined term for infectious fluid that passed bacterial filters
Verified through historical records
Confusion between different scientists' contributions
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Know history of virology
No formulas involved
Understand historical discovery of viruses
Beijerinek coined term for infectious fluid that passed bacterial filters
Verified through historical records
Confusion between different scientists' contributions
Bovine spongiform encephalopathy is caused by
π₯³ Wohoo! Correct answer
Prion disease mechanism
Study protein diseases
Understand prion concept
Identify causative agent
Pathogen type confusion
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Think about protein folding
Prion disease mechanism
Study protein diseases
Understand prion concept
Identify causative agent
Pathogen type confusion
Which of the following plants is used to extract Colchicine?
π₯³ Wohoo! Correct answer
Plant compounds
Study medicinal plants
Know alkaloid sources
Match plant-compound
Plant source confusion
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Remember source plant
Plant compounds
Study medicinal plants
Know alkaloid sources
Match plant-compound
Plant source confusion
The term "Molecular Scissors" refers to
π₯³ Wohoo! Correct answer
Restriction sites
Study DNA cutting tools
Understand enzyme function
Identify specific cutters
Enzyme function confusion
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Think about DNA manipulation
Restriction sites
Study DNA cutting tools
Understand enzyme function
Identify specific cutters
Enzyme function confusion
ADA deficiency can be cured by
π₯³ Wohoo! Correct answer
Immune cell development
Understand ADA deficiency
Study treatment options
Identify immune cell source
Organ function confusion
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Think about immune system origin
Immune cell development
Understand ADA deficiency
Study treatment options
Identify immune cell source
Organ function confusion
Cry-IAC effectively controls
π₯³ Wohoo! Correct answer
Bt toxin specificity
Study Bt toxin types
Understand pest specificity
Match toxin-target
Pest control confusion
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Remember Bt applications
Bt toxin specificity
Study Bt toxin types
Understand pest specificity
Match toxin-target
Pest control confusion
Which vitamin is increases by 'LAB' in curd?
π₯³ Wohoo! Correct answer
Bacterial metabolism
Study lactic acid bacteria
Understand vitamin synthesis
Identify bacterial products
Vitamin source confusion
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Focus on B-complex vitamins
Bacterial metabolism
Study lactic acid bacteria
Understand vitamin synthesis
Identify bacterial products
Vitamin source confusion
An antibiotic resistance gene in a vector usually helps in the selection of
π₯³ Wohoo! Correct answer
Selection marker principle
Understand selection markers
Study transformation process
Identify successful transformants
Mixing selection types
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Think about selective growth
Selection marker principle
Understand selection markers
Study transformation process
Identify successful transformants
Mixing selection types
The large holes in 'Swiss-Cheese' are made by a
π₯³ Wohoo! Correct answer
Fermentation
Study cheese production
Understand bacterial action
Identify gas production
Process confusion
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Think about bacterial metabolism
Fermentation
Study cheese production
Understand bacterial action
Identify gas production
Process confusion
From the following tools/techniques of genetic engineering, identify those which are required for cloning a bacterial gene in animal cells: I. Endonuclease II. Ligase III. A. tumefaciens IV. Microinjection V. Gene gun VI. Lysozyme VII. Cellulase VIII. Electrophoresis
π₯³ Wohoo! Correct answer
Cloning procedure flowchart
Understand cloning steps
Identify essential tools
Eliminate plant-specific tools
Confusion between plant and animal transformation methods
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Focus on DNA manipulation steps
Cloning procedure flowchart
Understand cloning steps
Identify essential tools
Eliminate plant-specific tools
Confusion between plant and animal transformation methods
Identify the most infectious and fatal type of malarial parasite
π₯³ Wohoo! Correct answer
Plasmodium lifecycle
Compare Plasmodium species
Study infection severity
Analyze mortality rates
Species characteristics confusion
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Remember the most severe form
Plasmodium lifecycle
Compare Plasmodium species
Study infection severity
Analyze mortality rates
Species characteristics confusion
Which one of the following is a opiate narcotic?
π₯³ Wohoo! Correct answer
Drug classification
Classify drug types
Identify opiate source
Know drug categories
Drug type confusion
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Remember opium derivatives
Drug classification
Classify drug types
Identify opiate source
Know drug categories
Drug type confusion
The type of antibodies produced during the allergic reaction
π₯³ Wohoo! Correct answer
Antibody classes
Study immunoglobulin types
Understand allergy mechanism
Identify primary response antibody
Antibody class confusion
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Focus on allergy-specific antibody
Antibody classes
Study immunoglobulin types
Understand allergy mechanism
Identify primary response antibody
Antibody class confusion
The toxic substance 'haemozoin' responsible for high fever and chill, is released in which of the following diseases?
π₯³ Wohoo! Correct answer
Plasmodium life cycle
Identify disease symptoms
Understand pathogen metabolism
Match toxin with disease
Confusion between different disease symptoms
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Focus on malarial parasite
Plasmodium life cycle
Identify disease symptoms
Understand pathogen metabolism
Match toxin with disease
Confusion between different disease symptoms
Find out the correct match. Disease/Pathogen/Main organ affected
π₯³ Wohoo! Correct answer
Disease classification table
Match diseases with pathogens
Link to affected organs
Verify correct combinations
Confusion between pathogen types
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Consider pathogen types
Disease classification table
Match diseases with pathogens
Link to affected organs
Verify correct combinations
Confusion between pathogen types
Match the following columns and choose the correct option: Column-I: 1. Haemilus influenzae 2. Entamoeba histolytica 3. Plasmodium falciparum 4. Wuchereria bancrofti Column-II: p. Malignant malaria q. Elephantiasis r. Pneumonia s. Amoebiasis
π₯³ Wohoo! Correct answer
Pathogen classification system
Match pathogens with diseases
Verify pathogen-disease relationships
Confirm correct combinations
Confusion between similar disease symptoms
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Consider pathogen types and symptoms
Pathogen classification system
Match pathogens with diseases
Verify pathogen-disease relationships
Confirm correct combinations
Confusion between similar disease symptoms
Select the correct statement from the following
π₯³ Wohoo! Correct answer
No formulas involved
Activated sludge contains diverse aerobic bacteria
These bacteria break down organic waste
Other statements contain errors about anaerobic processes
Misunderstanding aerobic vs anaerobic processes; confusing biogas composition
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Consider oxygen requirements for different processes
No formulas involved
Activated sludge contains diverse aerobic bacteria
These bacteria break down organic waste
Other statements contain errors about anaerobic processes
Misunderstanding aerobic vs anaerobic processes; confusing biogas composition
Which of these is NOT a method to make host cells 'competent' to take up DNA?
π₯³ Wohoo! Correct answer
Transformation techniques diagram
List transformation methods
Understand competence induction
Identify incorrect method
Confusion between different transformation methods
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Focus on DNA uptake methods
Transformation techniques diagram
List transformation methods
Understand competence induction
Identify incorrect method
Confusion between different transformation methods
Roquefort cheese is ripened by
π₯³ Wohoo! Correct answer
Cheese fermentation process
Identify cheese-making processes
Understand ripening agents
Match correct microorganism
Confusion between different microorganisms
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Focus on blue cheese production
Cheese fermentation process
Identify cheese-making processes
Understand ripening agents
Match correct microorganism
Confusion between different microorganisms
Identify the symptoms of pneumonia
π₯³ Wohoo! Correct answer
Respiratory system diagram
List respiratory infection symptoms
Differentiate from other conditions
Match with pneumonia specifics
Confusion with common cold symptoms
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Focus on respiratory symptoms
Respiratory system diagram
List respiratory infection symptoms
Differentiate from other conditions
Match with pneumonia specifics
Confusion with common cold symptoms
The chemical substances which are produced by some microbes which can kill or retard the growth of other microbes are known as
π₯³ Wohoo! Correct answer
No formulas involved
Antibiotics are natural microbial defense compounds
They specifically target other microorganisms
Other options are different types of therapeutic compounds
Confusing different microbial products; thinking all antimicrobials are antibiotics
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Think about the etymology: "anti" (against) + "bios" (life)
No formulas involved
Antibiotics are natural microbial defense compounds
They specifically target other microorganisms
Other options are different types of therapeutic compounds
Confusing different microbial products; thinking all antimicrobials are antibiotics
Which of the following based upon the principle of antigen-antibody interaction?
π₯³ Wohoo! Correct answer
No formulas involved
ELISA uses specific antibody-antigen recognition
This interaction forms the basis for detecting specific proteins
Other techniques listed don't rely on antibody binding
Mixing up different molecular biology techniques
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Focus on which technique uses immune system components
No formulas involved
ELISA uses specific antibody-antigen recognition
This interaction forms the basis for detecting specific proteins
Other techniques listed don't rely on antibody binding
Mixing up different molecular biology techniques
The principle of vaccination is based on which property of immune system?
π₯³ Wohoo! Correct answer
No formulas involved
Immune system retains memory of pathogens
Memory cells provide long-term protection
This enables rapid response to repeat exposure
Confusing different immune properties
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Think about long-term disease resistance
No formulas involved
Immune system retains memory of pathogens
Memory cells provide long-term protection
This enables rapid response to repeat exposure
Confusing different immune properties
Genome of HIV replicates in the macrophages with the help of an enzyme called
π₯³ Wohoo! Correct answer
No formulas involved
HIV is an RNA virus
Reverse transcriptase converts RNA to DNA
This enables viral genome integration
Misunderstanding viral replication steps
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Consider unique features of retrovirus replication
No formulas involved
HIV is an RNA virus
Reverse transcriptase converts RNA to DNA
This enables viral genome integration
Misunderstanding viral replication steps
Read the following statements: Statement I: Morphine is obtained by acetylation of Heroin. Statement II: Cannabinoids are known for their effect on cardiovascular system
π₯³ Wohoo! Correct answer
No formulas involved
Heroin is derived from morphine, not vice versa
Cannabinoids do affect cardiovascular system
Statement I reverses the chemical relationship
Confusing drug relationships
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Consider drug synthesis pathways and effects
No formulas involved
Heroin is derived from morphine, not vice versa
Cannabinoids do affect cardiovascular system
Statement I reverses the chemical relationship
Confusing drug relationships
Identify the bacterial disease among the following
π₯³ Wohoo! Correct answer
No formulas involved
Black rot of crucifers is caused by the bacterium Xanthomonas campestris
Brown rust and late blight are fungal diseases
Tobacco mosaic is a viral disease
Mixing up plant pathogens; assuming similar symptoms mean similar causes
π’ Uh oh! Incorrect answer, Try again
Focus on the causative organism's characteristics
No formulas involved
Black rot of crucifers is caused by the bacterium Xanthomonas campestris
Brown rust and late blight are fungal diseases
Tobacco mosaic is a viral disease
Mixing up plant pathogens; assuming similar symptoms mean similar causes
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